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Coordination properties of a 2-(diphenylphosphino)guanidine ligand
Leitner, Zdeněk ; Štěpnička, Petr (advisor) ; Lamač, Martin (referee)
Title: Coordination properties of phosphinoguanidine ligand Author: Bc. Zdeněk Leitner Institution: Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Department of Inorfanic Chemistry Supervisor: prof. RNDr. Petr Štěpnička, Ph.D., DSc. Polar phosphine ligands have found use in variety of homogenous and biphasic catalytic processes. In the past, extensive research has been performed also on cationic phosphines, namely phosphinoguanidinium salts. However, neutral phosphinoguanidines have been mostly neglected and their coordination chemistry has not been described to a satisfactory extent, even though the combination of soft phosphorous and harder nitrogen Lewis base could exhibit interesting properties, mainly hemilabile coordination, as well as protonation-controlled nitrogen coordination. These properties could have a positive impact on catalytical performance of this ligand in systems, which benefit from hydrogen bonding or the presence of basic guanidine group. The aim of this work was to study coordination properties of an earlier prepared ligand L and the corresponding phosphinoguanidine salt L·HCl in reactions with Group 11 metal precursors. New compounds were characterized, and their crystal structures were determined. In addition to conventional compounds, an uncommon dimeric complex...
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Synthesis and catalytic properties of phosphinoferrocene guanidine
Bárta, Ondřej ; Štěpnička, Petr (advisor) ; Vojtíšek, Pavel (referee)
Title: Synthesis and catalytic properties of phosphinoferrocene guanidine Author: Ondřej Bárta Institution: Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Department of Inorganic Chemistry Supervisor: prof. RNDr. Petr Štěpnička, Ph.D. Polar phosphine ligands proved to be useful in homogeneous and biphasic catalysis. Most of these phosphines bears anionic functional groups. On the other hand, functionalization of phosphines by cationic substituents is still quite uncommon, although these functional groups possess properties that could improve catalytic performance of the catalyst. In this regard, nitrogenous bases are particularly attractive due to their inherent basicity and the ability to enter into hydrogen bonding interactions. This thesis describes the synthesis of a novel ferrocene-based phosphine functionalized with guanidine moiety, viz. N-[1′-(diphenylphosphino)ferrocenylmethyl]guanidine (3). This compound was obtained by direct guanylation of 1′-(diphenylphosphino)- 1-(aminomethyl)ferrocene (2) (see scheme). Compound 3 was further used to prepare palladium complexes including the unusual zwitterionic complex [PdCl3(3H)]. The molecular structures of the prepared complexes were determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. Catalytic properties of phosphine 3 and complex [PdCl3(3H)] were...
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Synthesis and characterization of bidentate P,N-donor ferrocene ligand
Rezazgui, David ; Schulz, Jiří (advisor) ; Hulla, Martin (referee)
Title: Synthesis and characterization of bidentate P,N-donor ferrocene ligand Author: Bc. David Rezazgui Department: Department of Inorganic chemistry Supervisor: RNDr. Jiří Schulz, Ph.D. The main goal of this thesis was the preparation and characterization of ferrocene ligand 4-[1'-(diphenylphosphino)ferrocen-1-yl]morpholine (compound 3). Compared to structurally similar compounds, compound 3 offers greater geometrical flexibility which might have a positive effect in some applications, for example in catalysis by transition metal complexes. Two new compounds were synthesized along the synthetic route of phosphinoamine 3, the protected amine 1 and morpholine derivate 2. Selenide 4 was prepared in order to determine the basicity of compound 3 via the direct scalar interaction of 77 Se with 31 P. The synthesis comprised phosphinylation of 1,1'-dibromoferrocene, protection of the obtained 1-bromo-1'- (diphenylphosphino)ferrocene with sulfur, azidation and immediate reduction to protected amine 1. Morpholine derivate 2 was subsequently synthesized by cyclization reaction with bis(2-chloroethyl)ether. Phosphinoamine 3 was obtained by deprotection of compound 2 with Raney nickel. Finally, selenide 4 was obtained by the reaction of 3 with KSeCN. All newly prepared compounds were analyzed by NMR and transmission...
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Synthesis and catalytic properties of ferrocenophane phosphines
Škoch, Karel ; Štěpnička, Petr (advisor) ; Veselý, Jan (referee)
6 Title: Sythesis and catalytic properties of ferrocenophane phosphines Author: Karel Škoch Institution: Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Department of Inorganic Chemistry Supervisor: prof. RNDr. Petr Štěpnička, Ph.D. Keywords: ferrocene, ferrocenophane, phosphine ligands, palladium, asymetric catalysis, aza- Morita-Baylis-Hillman reaction, asymetric allylic alkylation Abstract: This Thesis describes the preparation of five sterically and electronically different ferrocene phosphines, (R)-1,1'-[1-(diarylphosphino)propan-1,3-diyl]ferrocenes (R)-1a-e, and a study into their coordination and catalytic properties. The key precursor of the phosphine synthesis, chiral alcohol (R)-2, was prepared according to the procedure described in the literature. Alcohol (R)-2 was converted with retention of configuration to diarylphosphines (R)-1a-e in one-step reaction with trimethylsilylchloride and sodium iodide and then with the corresponding diarylphosphine. Phosphines 1a-e were characterized by NMR and MS methods. For the basic representative 1a the following palladium(II) complexes were prepared: [PdCl(LNC )(1a)] (10, LNC = 2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]phenyl-C1 ,N) and trans- [PdCl2(1a)2] (9a). In addition, the isomeric complex cis-[PdCl2(1a)2] (9b) was isolated from the reaction mixture after catalytic...
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Synthesis and catalytic properties of ferrocenophane phosphines
Škoch, Karel
6 Title: Sythesis and catalytic properties of ferrocenophane phosphines Author: Karel Škoch Institution: Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Department of Inorganic Chemistry Supervisor: prof. RNDr. Petr Štěpnička, Ph.D. Keywords: ferrocene, ferrocenophane, phosphine ligands, palladium, asymetric catalysis, aza- Morita-Baylis-Hillman reaction, asymetric allylic alkylation Abstract: This Thesis describes the preparation of five sterically and electronically different ferrocene phosphines, (R)-1,1'-[1-(diarylphosphino)propan-1,3-diyl]ferrocenes (R)-1a-e, and a study into their coordination and catalytic properties. The key precursor of the phosphine synthesis, chiral alcohol (R)-2, was prepared according to the procedure described in the literature. Alcohol (R)-2 was converted with retention of configuration to diarylphosphines (R)-1a-e in one-step reaction with trimethylsilylchloride and sodium iodide and then with the corresponding diarylphosphine. Phosphines 1a-e were characterized by NMR and MS methods. For the basic representative 1a the following palladium(II) complexes were prepared: [PdCl(LNC )(1a)] (10, LNC = 2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]phenyl-C1 ,N) and trans- [PdCl2(1a)2] (9a). In addition, the isomeric complex cis-[PdCl2(1a)2] (9b) was isolated from the reaction mixture after catalytic...
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Ferrocene phosphinoguanidine donors
Bárta, Ondřej ; Štěpnička, Petr (advisor) ; Dostál, Libor (referee) ; Hoskovcová, Irena (referee)
The "Ferrocene phosphinoguanidine donors" project presented in this Thesis targeted on the synthesis, coordination chemistry and catalytic applications of a rather uncommon class of compounds combining phosphine and guanidine functional groups in their molecules. Two series of such compounds based on ferrocene backbone (henceforth fc = ferrocen-1,1΄-diyl) were studied. Firstly, a reliable synthetic route towards polar phosphinoguanidinium chlorides [R2PfcCH2NHC(NH2)2]Cl, where R = iso-propyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl and 2-furyl, was developed and these ligands were tested as supporting ligands in palladium-catalysed Suzuki-Miyaura-type reactions in biphasic aqueous mixtures and in rhodium-catalysed hydroformylation of 1-hexene. Deduced from the results, the hydrophilic guanidinium tag had a beneficial effect on the catalytic activity and, particularly, the electron-rich phosphines from this series could serve as a useful alternative to commonly used ligands for catalytic applications in polar or aqueous reaction media. Phosphinonitriles R2PfcCN obtained as intermediates during the synthesis of the abovementioned ligands were additionally used for the preparation of the dimeric complexes [Au2(µ-R2PfcCN)2][SbF6]2, in which the gold(I) centre was stabilised by nitrile coordination. These complexes proved...
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Synthesis and characterization of bidentate P,N-donor ferrocene ligand
Rezazgui, David ; Schulz, Jiří (advisor) ; Hulla, Martin (referee)
Title: Synthesis and characterization of bidentate P,N-donor ferrocene ligand Author: Bc. David Rezazgui Department: Department of Inorganic chemistry Supervisor: RNDr. Jiří Schulz, Ph.D. The main goal of this thesis was the preparation and characterization of ferrocene ligand 4-[1'-(diphenylphosphino)ferrocen-1-yl]morpholine (compound 3). Compared to structurally similar compounds, compound 3 offers greater geometrical flexibility which might have a positive effect in some applications, for example in catalysis by transition metal complexes. Two new compounds were synthesized along the synthetic route of phosphinoamine 3, the protected amine 1 and morpholine derivate 2. Selenide 4 was prepared in order to determine the basicity of compound 3 via the direct scalar interaction of 77 Se with 31 P. The synthesis comprised phosphinylation of 1,1'-dibromoferrocene, protection of the obtained 1-bromo-1'- (diphenylphosphino)ferrocene with sulfur, azidation and immediate reduction to protected amine 1. Morpholine derivate 2 was subsequently synthesized by cyclization reaction with bis(2-chloroethyl)ether. Phosphinoamine 3 was obtained by deprotection of compound 2 with Raney nickel. Finally, selenide 4 was obtained by the reaction of 3 with KSeCN. All newly prepared compounds were analyzed by NMR and transmission...
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Synthesis and coordination behaviour of 3-(diphenylphosphino)propanamide
Řežábková, Jana ; Štěpnička, Petr (advisor) ; Havlíček, David (referee)
This bachelor thesis describes the synthesis of 3-(diphenylphosphino)propanamide (compound 1) and subsequent preparation of two palladium(II) complexes with the synthesized phosphinoamide ligand. The coordination behaviour of 3-(diphenyl- phosphino)propanamide is discussed. In complex [PdCl(LNC )(Ph2PCH2CH2C(O)NH2-κP)] (compound 2) the phosphinoamide 1 exhibits P-monodentate coordination, whereas in the cationic complex [Pd(LNC )(Ph2PCH2CH2C(O)NH2-κ2 O,P)]ClO4 (compound 3) it binds as a P,O-chelating bidentate ligand. (LNC = 2-[(dimethylamino-κN)methyl]phenyl-κC1 ). 1 2 3 The ligand was synthesized by base-catalysed addition of diphenylphosphine across the double bond of acrylamide. Both complexes were prepared from [PdCl(LNC )]2 as metal precursor. All substances were characterised by common analytical methods, specifically by NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Crystals of both complexes were obtained and their crystal structure was determined using X-ray crystallography.
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Synthesis and catalytic properties of phosphinoferrocene guanidine
Bárta, Ondřej ; Štěpnička, Petr (advisor) ; Vojtíšek, Pavel (referee)
Title: Synthesis and catalytic properties of phosphinoferrocene guanidine Author: Ondřej Bárta Institution: Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Department of Inorganic Chemistry Supervisor: prof. RNDr. Petr Štěpnička, Ph.D. Polar phosphine ligands proved to be useful in homogeneous and biphasic catalysis. Most of these phosphines bears anionic functional groups. On the other hand, functionalization of phosphines by cationic substituents is still quite uncommon, although these functional groups possess properties that could improve catalytic performance of the catalyst. In this regard, nitrogenous bases are particularly attractive due to their inherent basicity and the ability to enter into hydrogen bonding interactions. This thesis describes the synthesis of a novel ferrocene-based phosphine functionalized with guanidine moiety, viz. N-[1′-(diphenylphosphino)ferrocenylmethyl]guanidine (3). This compound was obtained by direct guanylation of 1′-(diphenylphosphino)- 1-(aminomethyl)ferrocene (2) (see scheme). Compound 3 was further used to prepare palladium complexes including the unusual zwitterionic complex [PdCl3(3H)]. The molecular structures of the prepared complexes were determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. Catalytic properties of phosphine 3 and complex [PdCl3(3H)] were...
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Synthesis and catalytic properties of ferrocenophane phosphines
Škoch, Karel
6 Title: Sythesis and catalytic properties of ferrocenophane phosphines Author: Karel Škoch Institution: Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Department of Inorganic Chemistry Supervisor: prof. RNDr. Petr Štěpnička, Ph.D. Keywords: ferrocene, ferrocenophane, phosphine ligands, palladium, asymetric catalysis, aza- Morita-Baylis-Hillman reaction, asymetric allylic alkylation Abstract: This Thesis describes the preparation of five sterically and electronically different ferrocene phosphines, (R)-1,1'-[1-(diarylphosphino)propan-1,3-diyl]ferrocenes (R)-1a-e, and a study into their coordination and catalytic properties. The key precursor of the phosphine synthesis, chiral alcohol (R)-2, was prepared according to the procedure described in the literature. Alcohol (R)-2 was converted with retention of configuration to diarylphosphines (R)-1a-e in one-step reaction with trimethylsilylchloride and sodium iodide and then with the corresponding diarylphosphine. Phosphines 1a-e were characterized by NMR and MS methods. For the basic representative 1a the following palladium(II) complexes were prepared: [PdCl(LNC )(1a)] (10, LNC = 2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]phenyl-C1 ,N) and trans- [PdCl2(1a)2] (9a). In addition, the isomeric complex cis-[PdCl2(1a)2] (9b) was isolated from the reaction mixture after catalytic...
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